{"id":322334,"date":"2026-06-22T18:10:09","date_gmt":"2026-06-22T16:10:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/italien.news\/?p=322334"},"modified":"2026-06-22T18:10:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T16:10:09","slug":"italian-accountant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/","title":{"rendered":"Commercialista: An Explanation of the Italian Tax Advisor"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Was_ist_ein_Commercialista\" >What is a commercialista?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Was_macht_ein_Commercialista\" >What does a commercialista do?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Brauche_ich_einen_Commercialista\" >Do I need an accountant?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Commercialista_CAF_oder_Patronato\" >Accountant, CAF, or Patronato?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Was_kostet_ein_Commercialista\" >How much does a commercialista cost?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#So_findest_du_einen_guten_Commercialista\" >How to Find a Good Commercialista<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/steuern\/commercialista-italien\/#Was_du_als_Nachstes_tun_musst\" >What You Need to Do Next<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\" id=\"wpb-content-root\"><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\"><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>When it comes to self-employment in Italy, hardly any other word comes up as often as <em>Accountant<\/em>. For many expats, he is the most important point of contact\u2014and yet hardly anyone knows beforehand exactly what the role entails. This guide explains what a commercialista does, how much he costs, and how to find the right one.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Was_ist_ein_Commercialista\"><\/span>What is a commercialista?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A <strong>Accountant<\/strong> (more precisely: <em>certified public accountant<\/em>) is a state-certified consultant in tax, accounting, and business management who is listed in an official professional registry (<em>Albo<\/em>) is listed. His area of responsibility is <strong>broader than that of a German tax advisor<\/strong>: It provides a one-stop solution for taxes, accounting, social security contributions, business formation, and business management consulting.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Was_macht_ein_Commercialista\"><\/span>What does a commercialista do?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Opening and Management of the <a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/live-2\/work\/register-for-a-vat-number\/\">VAT Number<\/a> and selection of the tax regime<\/li>\n<li>Bookkeeping and the annual tax return (<em>tax return<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Calculation and Payment of Taxes and Value-Added Tax (IVA) Using Form F24<\/li>\n<li>Registration and Administration of Social Security Contributions (INPS, Occupational Pension Funds)<\/li>\n<li>electronic invoice (<em>electronic invoice<\/em>) and current deadlines<\/li>\n<li>Incorporation of companies (e.g., SRL) and business consulting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\"><div  class=\"jeg_postblock_3 jeg_postblock jeg_module_hook jeg_pagination_disable jeg_col_3o3 jnews_module__0_6af1ba93e317a  jeg_pb_boxed    with-format-icon\" data-unique=\"jnews_module__0_6af1ba93e317a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"jeg_posts jeg_block_container\">\n                \n                <div class=\"jeg_posts jeg_load_more_flag\">\n                <article class=\"jeg_post jeg_pl_md_2 format-standard\">\n                <div class=\"jeg_thumb\">\n                    \n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/arbeit\/partita-iva-eroeffnen\/\" aria-label=\"Read article: Registering for a Partita IVA: Becoming Self-Employed in Italy\"><div class=\"thumbnail-container animate-lazy  size-715\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/wp-content\/themes\/jnews\/assets\/img\/jeg-empty.png\" class=\"attachment-jnews-350x250 size-jnews-350x250 lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"Freelancer \u00a9 shutterstock.com\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Freelancerin-350x250.webp\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Freelancerin-350x250.webp 350w, https:\/\/italien.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Freelancerin-120x86.webp 120w, https:\/\/italien.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Freelancerin-750x536.webp 750w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-expand=\"700\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"jeg_postblock_content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"jeg_post_title\">\n                        <a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/arbeit\/partita-iva-eroeffnen\/\">Opening a Partita IVA: Becoming Self-Employed in Italy<\/a>\n                    <\/h3>\n                    <div class=\"jeg_post_meta\"><div class=\"jeg_meta_date\"><a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/leben\/arbeit\/partita-iva-eroeffnen\/\"><div class=\"jeg-fa-4 jeg-icon-svg jeg-svg-clock-o\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 1536 1792\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><g transform=\"translate(0 1536) scale(1 -1)\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M896 992v-448q0 -14 -9 -23t-23 -9h-320q-14 0 -23 9t-9 23v64q0 14 9 23t23 9h224v352q0 14 9 23t23 9h64q14 0 23 -9t9 -23zM1312 640q0 148 -73 273t-198 198t-273 73t-273 -73t-198 -198t-73 -273t73 -273t198 -198t273 -73t273 73t198 198t73 273zM1536 640 q0 -209 -103 -385.5t-279.5 -279.5t-385.5 -103t-385.5 103t-279.5 279.5t-103 385.5t103 385.5t279.5 279.5t385.5 103t385.5 -103t279.5 -279.5t103 -385.5z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/div> July 6, 2026<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n                    <div class=\"jeg_post_excerpt\">\n                        <p>Here's how to register for a Partita IVA in Italy: Registration with the Agenzia delle Entrate, ATECO code, INPS contributions, the flat-rate tax regime, and ongoing obligations.<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n                <div class='module-overlay'>\n\t\t\t\t    <div class='preloader_type preloader_dot'>\n\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"module-preloader jeg_preloader dot\">\n\t\t\t\t            <span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"module-preloader jeg_preloader circle\">\n\t\t\t\t            <div class=\"jnews_preloader_circle_outer\">\n\t\t\t\t                <div class=\"jnews_preloader_circle_inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t            <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"module-preloader jeg_preloader square\">\n\t\t\t\t    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class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Brauche_ich_einen_Commercialista\"><\/span>Do I need an accountant?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>As <strong>Self-employed individual or business<\/strong> In practice, yes: The day-to-day obligations (taxes, social security contributions, electronic invoicing) are complex and prone to errors\u2014a commercialista is highly recommended. As <strong>Employee<\/strong> You usually don't need one; a CAF is often sufficient for your tax return (see below).<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Commercialista_CAF_oder_Patronato\"><\/span>Accountant, CAF, or Patronato?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Three terms that are often confused:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Accountant<\/strong>: For self-employed individuals and companies\u2014comprehensive and subject to a fee.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CAF<\/strong> (<em>Tax Assistance Center<\/em>): helps employees and retirees with their tax returns (Modello 730) and ISEE applications\u2014at a low cost or for free.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Patronage<\/strong>: Provides assistance with pension and INPS matters\u2014usually free of charge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Was_kostet_ein_Commercialista\"><\/span>How much does a commercialista cost?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The costs depend on the legal form and the amount of work involved. As a rough guide: For self-employed individuals in the <em>flat-rate scheme<\/em> Annual fees are often around <strong>400\u20131,200 \u20ac<\/strong>, for a <strong>SRL<\/strong> significantly higher. Billing is based on an annual flat rate or per service\u2014be sure to ask for a quote in advance. To learn how the tax system behind this works, see <a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/live-2\/steer\/taxes-in-italy-basics\/\">Taxes in Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_findest_du_einen_guten_Commercialista\"><\/span>How to Find a Good Commercialista<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The best way is via <strong>Recommendations<\/strong> \u2013 from expat groups, from other self-employed people, or through the official <strong>Register of the Orders of Certified Public Accountants<\/strong>. Pay attention to <strong>Accessibility<\/strong>, transparent fees, and\u2014which is helpful for expats\u2014 <strong>Experience with Foreigners<\/strong> as well as knowledge of English or German. Anyone planning to start a business will find the following in the guide <a href=\"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/emigrate\/life-situation\/emigrate-to-italy-as-an-entrepreneur\/\">Starting a Business in Italy<\/a> Next steps.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Was_du_als_Nachstes_tun_musst\"><\/span>What You Need to Do Next<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>First, determine whether you actually need a commercialista (if you\u2019re self-employed or running a business) or if a CAF is sufficient (if you\u2019re an employee). Get several quotes, compare the scope of services and fees, and clarify in advance how communication will work\u2014ideally before you open your Partita IVA.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\"><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\"><div  class=\"jeg_block_heading jeg_block_heading_6 jeg_alignleft jnews_module__1_6af1ba93e5a75\">\n                <h3 class=\"jeg_block_title\"><span>FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About Commercialista<\/span><\/h3>\n                \n            <\/div><div  class='jnews-faq-wrapper jnews_module__2_6af1ba93e5d09 style-4'>\n\t\t\t\t    \n        <div class=\"list-wrapper expand\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: What is a commercialista?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">What is a commercialista?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\">\n                <p>An expert in taxes, accounting, and business who is registered in an official professional registry\u2014his scope of practice is broader than that of a German tax advisor.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: What does a commercialista do?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">What does a commercialista do?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>He registers businesses for the Partita IVA, handles bookkeeping, prepares tax returns, manages VAT, F24 payments, social security contributions, and electronic invoicing, as well as business incorporations and consulting services.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: Do I need one as a self-employed person?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">As a self-employed person, do I need one?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>In practice, yes. The ongoing obligations are complex and prone to errors, so hiring a commercialista is highly recommended.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: Do I need one as an employee?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">As an employee, do I need one?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>Usually not. A CAF is generally sufficient for the annual tax return.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: What is the difference between a commercialista, a CAF, and a patronato?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">What is the difference between a commercialista, a CAF, and a patronato?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>The Commercialista provides consulting services to self-employed individuals and companies (for a fee). The CAF helps employees and retirees with their tax returns and ISEE applications. The Patronato provides assistance with pension and INPS matters (often free of charge).<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: How much does a commercialista cost?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">How much does a commercialista cost?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>For self-employed individuals under the forfettario scheme, roughly \u20ac400\u20131,200 per year; for an SRL, significantly more. Billing is either on a flat-rate basis or per service.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: Does a Commercialista speak German or English?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">Does a commercialista speak German or English?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>Some do\u2014especially in larger cities and tourist areas. Be sure to ask specifically about their experience with foreigners.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: How do I find a good commercialista?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">How do I find a good commercial lawyer?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>Check recommendations and the official directory of the Ordini dei Commercialisti. Make sure they are easy to reach, have transparent fee structures, and have experience working with foreigners.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: Is a commercialista required?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">Is a commercialista required?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>Legally, no. However, given the many ongoing obligations, it is effectively indispensable for the self-employed and companies.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-wrapper\">\n            <a class=\"list-toogle\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Toggle FAQ: Can a Commercialista represent me before the tax office?\">\n                <h5 class=\"question\">Can my accountant represent me before the tax office?<\/h5>\n                <svg class=\"faq-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"8\" viewbox=\"0 0 14 8\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path d=\"M13.6152 0.369517C13.3685 0.132903 13.0341 0 12.6855 0C12.3368 0 12.0024 0.132903 11.7557 0.369517L6.98417 4.95184L2.21262 0.369517C1.96321 0.146331 1.63333 0.024827 1.29248 0.0306025C0.951625 0.0363779 0.626413 0.168982 0.385357 0.400478C0.1443 0.631975 0.00621891 0.94429 0.00020504 1.27162C-0.00580883 1.59896 0.120714 1.91576 0.353117 2.15528L6.05442 7.63048C6.30111 7.8671 6.63551 8 6.98417 8C7.33283 8 7.66723 7.8671 7.91392 7.63048L13.6152 2.15528C13.8616 1.91837 14 1.59723 14 1.2624C14 0.927566 13.8616 0.606426 13.6152 0.369517Z\" fill=\"black\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-expand\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                <p>Yes. He can represent you before the Agenzia delle Entrate and the INPS.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t    <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\"><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"jeg-vc-wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_column jeg_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"jeg_wrapper wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div style=\"border: 1px solid #f1f1f1; padding: 15px;\">\n<h4>Sources<\/h4>\n<ol style=\"font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/commercialisti.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Council of Certified Public Accountants and Accounting Experts<\/a> (accessed in June 2026)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.agenziaentrate.gov.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agenzia delle Entrate<\/a> (accessed in June 2026)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What a commercialista does in Italy: bookkeeping, tax returns, social security contributions, and business formation. Costs, how to find one, and how they differ from CAFs, patronatos, and German tax advisors.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":322339,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inwp_podcast_mp3":"","inwp_podcast_apple":"","inwp_podcast_spotify":"","inwp_podcast_youtube":"","inw_restaurant_url":"","inw_restaurant_lat":"","inw_restaurant_lng":"","in_event_type":"","in_event_featured":"","in_event_teaser":"","in_event_name":"","in_event_address":"","in_event_status":"","in_event_turnus":"","inw_hotel_email":"","inw_hotel_type":"","inw_hotel_name":"","inw_hotel_street":"","inw_hotel_zip":"","inw_hotel_city":"","inw_hotel_region":"","inw_hotel_country":"","inw_hotel_phone":"","inw_hotel_url":"","inw_hotel_lat":"","inw_hotel_lng":"","inw_hotel_pricerange":"","inw_hotel_stars":"","inw_hotel_amenities":"","in_event_start":"","in_event_end":"","in_event_time":"","in_event_time_end":"","in_event_location":"","in_event_city":"","in_event_region":"","in_event_price":"","in_event_organizer":"","in_event_url":"","in_event_sort":"","in_event_sort_end":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"Buchhaltung, Steuererkl\u00e4rung, Sozialabgaben, Gr\u00fcndung: Was der italienische Steuerberater (Commercialista) macht, was er kostet und wie du den richtigen findest.","format":"standard","jnews_video_option_group":[[]],"override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"5","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[19792],"tags":[19800,20251,19818,4848],"class_list":["post-322334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-steuern","tag-auswandern-italien","tag-leben-in-italien","tag-partita-iva","tag-steuern-italien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=322334"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322334\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/322339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=322334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=322334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/italien.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=322334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}